最近信C进程加速， 一些行业可能面临替换CentOS、RedHat linux的ZZ任务， Oracle可能还要3-4年的缓和期，当前Oracle官方在12c已经增加了对中标麒麟的认证， 但目前没有任证的OS如果基于centOS的货也可以安装并运行生产环境， 在Kylin V10安装了个单实例oracle 11.2.0.4还算不复杂，下面简单分享。
准备软件介质
1， oracle 软件
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- p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
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- p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
oracle for Linux通用软件同CentOS、RHEL
2, OS lib 依赖包
Kylin V10 SP1 OS ISO 快速下载 提取码：gm6j
kylin-sever mirror
如果有OS镜像可以挂载本地yum源，如果没有可以从上面的网站下载离线rpm包
我离线安装的几个rpm 链接：提取码：i76q
操作系统配置
检查OS 版本
$ cat /etc/*release Kylin Linux Advanced Server release V10 (Tercel) DISTRIB_ID=Kylin DISTRIB_RELEASE=V10 DISTRIB_CODENAME=juniper DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Kylin V10" DISTRIB_KYLIN_RELEASE=V10 DISTRIB_VERSION_TYPE=enterprise DISTRIB_VERSION_MODE=normal NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server" VERSION="V10 (Tercel)" ID="kylin" VERSION_ID="V10" PRETTY_NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server V10 (Tercel)" ANSI_COLOR="0;31" Kylin Linux Advanced Server release V10 (Tercel)
检查swap，如果不存在手动创建
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=2048 $ mkswap /swapfile $ swapon /swapfile #在 /etc/fstab 中添加如下一行，使之永久生效 /swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0 $ free
关闭firewall
systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld
禁用selinux
vi /etc/selinux SELINUX=DISABLE
Note: 重启生效
修改内核参数
关于 shmmax 和 shmall 参数值的计算
# 物理内存（KB）
os_memory_total=$(awk '/MemTotal/{print $2}' /proc/meminfo)
# 获取系统页面大小，用于计算内存总量
pagesize=$(getconf PAGE_SIZE)
((shmall = (os_memory_total - 1) * 1024 / pagesize))
((shmmax = os_memory_total * 1024 - 10))
# 如果 shmall 小于 2097152，则将其设为 2097152
((shmall < 2097152)) && shmall=2097152
# 如果 shmmax 小于 4294967295，则将其设为 4294967295
((shmmax < 4294967295)) && shmmax=4294967295
echo $shmall
echo $shmmax
$ vi /etc/sysctl.conf
#------------oracle 11g r2 Setting-------- fs.suid_dumpable = 1 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmmax = 66173763574
kernel.shmall = 16155703 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
#----------end-------- -- Hugepage建议配置
vm.nr_hugepages = 15400 #生效
$ sysctl -p
Note： 这里环境操作系统64G内存，给了hugepage 30g. 结合你的环境配置shmmax shmall ,vm.nr_hugepages 及下面的memlock
用户限制
# 修改用户的限制文件，编辑 /etc/security/limits.conf
cat <<-EOF>> /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nofile 4096
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle soft memlock 50397977
oracle hard memlock 50397977
EOF
# 修改/etc/pam.d/login文件，添加以下设置，限制用户登录
cat <<-EOF>> /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
EOF
创建用户、组，及环境变量
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba groupadd oper useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle passwd oracle su - oracle vi ~/.bash_profile ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
创建Oracle目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01
安装RPM依赖
如果有OS iso文件可以挂载本地 mount -o loop Kylin-Server-10-SP2-x86-Release-Build09-20210524.iso /mnt cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ mv kylin_x86_64.repo kylin_x86_64.repo.bak vi kylinV10sp2.repo ###Kylin Linux Advanced Server 10 - os repo### [yumlocal] name=kylin-yumlocal baseurl=file:///mnt gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 #priority=1 如果没有iso 查找不存在Lib ，离线下载安装 rpm -qa binutils rpm -qa compat-libstdc++ rpm -qa elfutils-libelf rpm -qa elfutils-libelf-devel rpm -qa glibc rpm -qa glibc-common rpm -qa glibc-devel rpm -qa gcc-c++ rpm -qa libaio rpm -qa libaio-devel rpm -qa libgcc rpm -qa libstdc++ rpm -qa libstdc++-devel rpm -qa make rpm -qa sysstat rpm -qa unixODBC rpm -qa unixODBC-devel rpm -qa compat-libcap1 rpm -qa gcc rpm -qa ksh rpm -qa libXext rpm -qa libXtst rpm -qa libX11 rpm -qa libXau rpm -qa libxcb rpm -qa libXi rpm -qa zlib-devel rpm -qa libnsl -- 必须安装否则在安装会报 Could not create the Java Virtual Machine 的错 rpm -qa libnsl2 rpm -qa libnsl2-devel 在线yum yum install -y binutils yum install -y compat-libstdc++ yum install -y elfutils-libelf yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel yum install -y glibc yum install -y glibc-common yum install -y glibc-devel yum install -y gcc-c++ yum install -y libaio yum install -y libaio-devel yum install -y libgcc yum install -y libstdc++ yum install -y libstdc++-devel yum install -y make yum install -y sysstat yum install -y unixODBC yum install -y unixODBC-devel yum install -y compat-libcap1 yum install -y gcc yum install -y ksh yum install -y libXext yum install -y libXtst yum install -y libX11 yum install -y libXau yum install -y libxcb yum install -y libXi yum install -y zlib-devel yum install -y libnsl yum install -y libnsl2 yum install -y libnsl2-devel
静默安装软件
su - oracle unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip 替换oracle自带unzip cd database/install mv unzip unzip.bak ln -s /usr/bin/unzip 配置静默res文件 mkdir /home/oracle/orarsp cp database/response/* /home/oracle/orarsp cd /home/oracle/orarsp vi db_install.rsp oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY ORACLE_HOSTNAME=xxx UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL="oracle" oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
开始安装oracle软件
su - oracle cd database ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/orarsp/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq
执行上面最后提示的两个shell
su - root $ /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh $ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/root.sh
relink oracle
上面软件虽然安装成功，但是此时尝试sqlplus / as sysdba会提示ORA-12547: TNS:Lost Contact错误，此时查看oracle的binary file是0 bytes. 是因为当前的gcc版本过高，relink一下ok su - oracle cd $ORACLE_HOME ./relink all
注： relink 查看日志此时最容易出问题，如依赖rpm未安装，OS差异性
错误 ld cannot found /usr/lib64/libpthread_nonshared.a
su - root cp libpthread_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/ chmod 755 /usr/lib64/libpthread_nonshared.a
注： 上面的云盘中有提供该文件，可以单独下载。
错误 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lnsl
grep -i fail relinkxxx.log 会发现上面的错误 1，首先检查libnsl 和libnsl2已安装 rpm -qa|grep libnsl 2, 检查link是否丢失 在/usr/lib or /usr/lib64 下面ls -lrt libnsl*'， 检查是否 'libnsl.so' 不存在 su - root # cd /usr/lib64 # ls -lrt libnsl* lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 7 2019 libnsl.so.2 -> libnsl.so.2.0.0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 120592 Mar 7 2019 libnsl.so.2.0.0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Jun 17 01:43 libnsl.so.1 -> libnsl-2.28.so -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 99160 Jun 17 01:56 libnsl-2.28.so 创建link # ln -s libnsl.so.1 libnsl.so # ls -lrt libnsl* lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 7 2019 libnsl.so.2 -> libnsl.so.2.0.0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 120592 Mar 7 2019 libnsl.so.2.0.0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Jun 17 01:43 libnsl.so.1 -> libnsl-2.28.so -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 99160 Jun 17 01:56 libnsl-2.28.so lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Aug 9 17:13 libnsl.so -> libnsl.so.1
或者备份并编辑 file $ORACLE_HOME/lib/sysliblist 修改后如下:
$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/lib/sysliblist -ldl -lm -lpthread -l:libnsl.so.1 -lirc -lipgo -lsvml -laio
重新relink
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink all
能避免Installation of 11.2.0.4 on RHEL 8.x failed with ‘/bin/ld: cannot find -lnsl make:Error in invoking target ‘agent nmhs’ of makefile ins_emagent.mk ‘ (Doc ID 2944859.1)
和config.o 的问题， 该问题在Kylin和LINUX 8上都会遇到。
注：如果安装PSU后，sysliblist 文件可能会被自动覆盖，恢复了原来内容，编译报错时，需要再次重复按上面的编辑,再次relink。
relink失败config.o 0bytes
如果上面的修复做完relink依旧oracle执行文件是0字节，relink日志无明确错误，检查config.o 文件是否0 bytes. $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib $ mv config.o config.o.bad # $ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink all -- ensure the following two files are not 0 bytes: ls -l $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle ls -l $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/config.o
静默创建数据库
$ cd /home/oracle/orarsp $ vi db.rsp [GENERAL] RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0" OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase" [CREATEDATABASE] GDBNAME = "orcl03" SID = "orcl03" TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" SYSPASSWORD = "oracle" SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle" SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle" DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle" #DATAFILEDESTINATION = /oradata STORAGETYPE="FS" CHARACTERSET="ZHS16GBK" NATIONALCHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8" DATABASETYPE = "MULTIPURPOSE" TOTALMEMORY = "4800" SAMPLESCHEMA=FALSE $ dbca -silent -responsefile /home/oracle/orarsp/db.rsp
注： 此时会正常会自动拉起db instance. 并创建tnsnames.ora
静默创建监听
[oracle@anbob ~]$netca -silent -responsefile /home/oracle/orarsp/netca.rsp
以上会自动启动1521上的监听，并自动创建listener.ora and sqlnet.ora，如果no service, 可以启动db instance或alter system register注册。